Knowledge of Students and Their Learning Reflections of a Teacher

Description          Behavioral theories of learning have been developed by Ivan Pavlov and B. F. Skinner. Pavlov studied the idea of classical conditioning in reference to our reflexes and Skinner studied the consequences that come from particular behaviors and how we can shape those behaviors (Slavin, 2018). Social learning theories expanded on behavioral learning theories by studying how we learn and the effects of self-regulation on our learning (Slavin, 2018).  Analysis        Learning can be described as a change an individual goes through or new schema “caused by the environment” (Slavin, 2018, p. 98). It can be formal or informal, an example of formal learning is the learning that happens in school. Informal learning can happen through life experiences, an example could be learning not touching a pan on the stove because one has previously gotten burned by touching a hot pan on the stove. Slavin (2018) explained that children are always learning, and a teacher needs to guide

I would describe cognitive development as stages a child goes through to learn to think critically and become independent. "Children are not miniature adults (Slavin, 2018, p.23).” Two well know psychologists, Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky developed learning theories for cognitive development. Piaget studied his own children and felt children learn from action because of the way they interact with the environment. Vygotsky felt that children learn best by being guided or mentor by a teacher or experiences peer. Many educational reforms stem from these two theories (Slavin, 2018). When analyzing Piaget’s four stages of cognitive, they are distinct and have clear descriptions, however some children may demonstrate two stages at once when they are transitioning between stages. 1. Sensorimotor Stage (Birth - 2), children learn through their senses and motor skills. They progress from reflexes to planned movements and develop object permanence. Ex: When an object is covered up